Objective Evaluate the utilization efficiency of beds in public hospitals in Sichuan Province so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing bed management in public hospitals. Methods Descriptive analysis,bed efficiency index model and bed utilization model were used to evaluate the bed utilization efficiency of public hospitals in Sichuan Province. Results From 2016 to 2020,the number of beds in public hospitals in Sichuan Province increased by 53,121,and the number of beds per thousand population increased by 0.59. In 2020,the number of beds per 1,000 population in public hospitals in Sichuan Province was 3.79,and the number of bed turnover and bed utilization rate were 29.79 times and 86.42%,respectively. From the perspective of bed efficiency index model,the bed efficiency index of provincial hospitals,municipal hospitals and other hospitals was less than 1,indicating low-efficiency operation. The bed efficiency index of county-level hospitals from 2016 to 2019 was greater than 1,indicating high-efficiency operation. The bed efficiency index of the first-class areas from 2016 to 2019 was greater than 1,indicating high-efficiency operation. The bed-efficiency index of the second-class and the third-class areas was less than 1 except in 2017,indicating low-efficiency operation. From the perspective of bed utilization model,provincial hospitals were idle type,and municipal hospitals were pressed bed type,and county-level hospitals were turnover type;the bed utilization efficiency in first-class areas were efficiency type and turnover type,which in the second-class areas was pressed bed type,and in the third-class areas was turnover type. Conclusions The overall efficiency index of public hospitals beds in Sichuan Province is low. There is large differences in beds utilization in public hospitals at different administrative levels. The bed management of public hospitals in different resource allocation areas has their own emphasis.